Docker Windows vs. Linux
I will try to summarize the difference between Docker on Linux vs. Windows since it seems to be a lot of confusion at the moment. You can check my post on containers for more info.
First of all, containers are not a new thing, they were available before Docker in Linux, Docker introduced a simple local daemon process and a powerful REST API aligned with great tooling allowing this technology to rapidly grow. It also added a powerful registry and the efficient image layered system. I would recommend watching this series to understand in detail how containers work.